| FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 23 | Araceae | Pinellia |
- Pinellia ternata (Chinese: 半夏, Japanese: カラスビシャク), crow-dipper, is a plant that is native to China, Japan, and Korea.However, it also grows as an invasive weed in parts of Europe (Austria, Germany) and in North America (California, Ontario, the northeastern United States).
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He continues to star in a few productions but none of them gained much popularity or critical acclaim. I did enjoy one of his dramas, Hua Kai Ban Xia or Flowers of Pinellia Ternata. Here, he plays Lu Yuan, a rich pianist who falls for the female lead. I really enjoyed that drama and though he was not the main lead, he was so adorable. Pinellia have both male and female flowers in the same inflorescence, separated by a membrane. The spadix is fused to the back of the spathe for some distance. Arisaema are either male or female, depending on their age and growing conditions. If you have one Pinellia, wait a season and you'll have more.
8. Pinellia ternata (Thunberg) Tenore ex Breitenbach, Bot. Zeitung. 37: 687. 1879.半夏 ban xia
Arum ternatum Thunberg in Murray, Syst. Veg., ed. 14, 827. 1784; Arisaema loureiroi Blume; A. macrourum (Bunge) Kunth; A. ternatum (Thunberg) Schott; Arum atrorubens Sprengel (1826), not Linnaeus (1753); A. bulbiferum Salisbury; A. bulbosum Persoon ex Kunth; A. fornicatum Roth; A. macrourum Bunge; A. subulatum Desfontaines; A. triphyllum Houttuyn (1774), not Linnaeus (1753); Hemicarpurus fornicatus (Roth) Nees; Pinellia angustata Schott; P. koreana K. H. Tae & J. H. Kim; P. ternata var. angustata (Schott) Engler; P. ternata var. giraldiana Engler; P. ternata var. subpandurata Engler; P. ternata var. vulgaris Engler; P. tuberifera Tenore, nom. illeg. superfl.; Typhonium tuberculigerum Schott.
Tuber globose, 1-2 cm in diam. Leaves 2-5; petiole 15-20 cm, base sheathing; bulbils present in sheath, at proximal or middle part of petiole, and at base of leaf blade; leaf blade 3-foliolate, sometimes pedate with 5 leaflets; leaflets greenish abaxially, green adaxially, oblong-elliptic or lanceolate, base cuneate, apex acuminate; anterior leaflet 3-10 × 1-3 cm; lateral leaflets (3-)4-7.5 × 1.8-2.3 cm, with 7-9(or 10) primary lateral veins per side, forming a collective vein along margin. Inflorescence including peduncle longer than petioles, 25-35 cm; peduncle 15-25 cm. Spathe greenish or whitish green, rarely purplish, slightly constricted, 6-7 cm; tube narrowly cylindric, 1.5-2 cm; limb green and usually violet at margin, oblong, 4-5 × ca. 1.5 cm, apex obtuse or acute. Spadix 9-10 cm; female zone ca. 2 cm, adnate to spathe; female flowers densely arranged; pistil 2.1-2.2 mm; ovary ovoid, ca. 1.8 × 1-1.1 mm; style distinct, attenuate; stigma very small, ca. 0.2 mm in diam., not broader than style; sterile zone between female and male flowers ca. 3 mm; male zone 5-7 mm; thecae elongate, ca. 1.2 mm, opening by a slit; appendix erect or sigmoid, green to violet, 6-7(-8) cm. Berries yellowish green to whitish, ovoid, with persistent stigma and style, 1-seeded. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Jul-Sep. 2n = 28, 54, 72, 104, 115, 116, 128.
Grasslands, secondary forests, wastelands, cultivated lands; below 2500 m. Widely distributed in China, excluding Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Xinjiang, and Xizang [Japan (including Ryukyu Islands), Korea; naturalized in Europe and North America].
Pinellia ternata is a highly variable species in morphology and cytology. It differs from other Pinellia species by having bulbils at different parts of the petiole; bulbils on each petiole may be 1, 2, or 3. Fourteen sheets of specimens in the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (E), have been studied and counted: six specimens have bulbils at the proximal part of the petiole; five specimens show bulbils at the median part; one specimen has three bulbils located at the proximal and median parts and at the distal part; another specimen has two bulbils at the distal and proximal parts (6 May 1975, N. Togash s.n. from Tokyo); and one has two bulbils found at the distal and the median parts. After examining the variability in position and number of bulbils, we suggest that 'Pinellia zinguiensis' H. Li (nom. nud.), with bulbils at both the distal and proximal parts of the petiole, must be a synonym of P. ternata. For the same reason, Engler’s four variants (P. ternata var. angustata, P. ternata var. giraldiana, P. ternata var. subpandurata, and P. ternata var. vulgaris) may not represent any independent systematic taxa. Pinellia koreana was described from Korea as differing by its pedate leaf blades with five leaflets; but strong growing plants sometimes produce pedate leaf blades, and, therefore, this is only a further synonym of P. ternata. It was collected from Korea, Mt. Chiri, 480 m, 10 Jun 1999 (fl.), K.-H. Tae 99-001 (holotype, TUT).
The poisonous tubers are used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating coughs, reducing phlegm, stopping vomiting, and externally for treating mastitis and otitis media. The plant is also used ornamentally.
Flower Pinellia Chinese Drama
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Flowers Of Pinellia Ternata Chinese Drama Festival
Pinellia ternata
I have learned many new plants in my three months at the Scott Arboretum. In fact, it would not be an exaggeration to say I learn a new plant every day. One of the very first plants I learned upon starting work here, though, was not a cutting-edge cultivar or a unique specimen tree. It was a plant with quite a reputation around these parts, not for its aesthetic appeal, but instead for its stubbornness and invasiveness. This month’s Plant of the Month is the weedy Pinellia ternata.
The volunteer who first introduced me to Pinellia described this invasive plant with a tone of loathing and detestation. If memory serves me correctly, I believe she described Pinellia as the “bane of [her] gardening existence.” At the time, I thought that was a pretty strong statement for such a small weed. But, after three months of first-hand experience with this seemingly ineradicable plant that always reappears with gusto, I now understand what the volunteer meant.
Pinellia ternata is native to Japan and is sometimes referred to as cow-dipper. The plant possesses trifoliate leaves and a flower typical to plants in the Araceae family (think of a jack-in-the-pulpit with its spathe and spadix flower). Similar to other Araceae plants, the flowers of Pinellia are hermaphroditic. One of the secrets of Pinellia ternata‘ssuccess is that its stem regenerates from a corm that resides inches below the soil’s surface. As a result, hand-pulling is nearly always ineffectual in ridding a garden area of Pinellia. The best method I have found for dealing with Pinellia is to push a hori-hori (Japanese digging knife) or other digging tool deep enough in the soil (a few inches) to excavate the entire plant. Success is achieved if the removed plant still has a spherical corm attached to its long white stem.
P. ternata thrives in the mid-Atlantic region and, left on its own, is capable of nearly doubling in population every year. However, with consistent and accurate weeding, it is possible to control the spread and reduce the pervasiveness of Pinellia in your home garden. Just be sure not to dump Pinellia in your compost pile; instead, tie it up in a plastic trash bag to prevent it from spreading its weedy ways.
Until next time, good luck in your weeding adventures and happy gardening!